NCERT Class 12 · Ch 7 Exercise 7.7 · Q1
NCERT Class 12 Maths · Chapter 7 Integrals · Exercise 7.7 Question 1
Evaluate \(\int \sqrt{4 - x^{2}}\, dx\).
💡 Concept Hints
- Identify the domain and the inner and outer functions, or the relevant one-sided limits.
- Apply the appropriate differentiation or limit rule, keep all chain factors, and check exceptional points.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution
Final Answer: \(\frac{x \sqrt{4 - x^{2}}}{2} + 2 \operatorname{asin}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}\) + C.
- Work on each open interval where the original integrand is real and defined.
- Use the standard circle form √(4−x²).
- For J=∫√(u²+A)du, integrate by parts with dv=du. Use u²=(u²+A)−A to get 2J=u√(u²+A)+A∫du/√(u²+A). For √(A−u²), the analogous identity uses an arcsine. Substitute the standard log or arcsine primitive.
- An antiderivative is F(x)=\(\frac{x \sqrt{4 - x^{2}}}{2} + 2 \operatorname{asin}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}\).
- Differentiate this expression to check that F′(x)=\(\sqrt{4 - x^{2}}\). Add an arbitrary constant C on each domain component.
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