Identify the domain and the inner and outer functions, or the relevant one-sided limits.
Apply the appropriate differentiation or limit rule, keep all chain factors, and check exceptional points.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution
Final Answer: \(\frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1}\) + C.
Work on each open interval where the original integrand is real and defined.
u=1+cos x, du=−sin x dx; integrate −u^(−2)du.
An antiderivative is F(x)=\(\frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1}\).
Differentiate this expression to check that F′(x)=\(\frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)^{2}}\). Add an arbitrary constant C on each domain component.
Master Chapter 7: Integrals
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