Identify the domain and the inner and outer functions, or the relevant one-sided limits.
Apply the appropriate differentiation or limit rule, keep all chain factors, and check exceptional points.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution
Final Answer: \(- \frac{1}{4 \sqrt{x^{8} + 1}}\) + C.
Work on each open interval where the original integrand is real and defined.
u=tan⁻¹(x⁴), du=4x³dx/(1+x⁸).
An antiderivative is F(x)=\(- \frac{1}{4 \sqrt{x^{8} + 1}}\).
Differentiate this expression to check that F′(x)=\(\frac{x^{7}}{\left(x^{8} + 1\right)^{\frac{3}{2}}}\). Add an arbitrary constant C on each domain component.
Master Chapter 7: Integrals
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