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NCERT Class 12 · Ch 7 Miscellaneous Exercise · Q10

NCERT Class 12 Maths · Chapter 7 Integrals · Miscellaneous Exercise Question 10

Evaluate \(\int \frac{\sin^{8}{\left(x \right)} - \cos^{8}{\left(x \right)}}{- 2 \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)} + 1}\, dx\).

💡 Concept Hints

  1. Identify the domain and the inner and outer functions, or the relevant one-sided limits.
  2. Apply the appropriate differentiation or limit rule, keep all chain factors, and check exceptional points.

✅ Step-by-Step Solution

Final Answer: \(- \frac{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}{2}\) + C.
  1. Work on each open interval where the original integrand is real and defined.
  2. Factor sin⁸−cos⁸=(sin⁴−cos⁴)(sin⁴+cos⁴). The denominator is sin⁴+cos⁴, leaving sin²−cos²=−cos 2x.
  3. An antiderivative is F(x)=\(- \frac{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}{2}\).
  4. Differentiate this expression to check that F′(x)=\(\frac{\sin^{8}{\left(x \right)} - \cos^{8}{\left(x \right)}}{- 2 \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)} + 1}\). Add an arbitrary constant C on each domain component.

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